Why Should High School Sports Be Banned - 1460 Words

Friday night light was always the highlight of the week, but what if there was no more Friday night lights or even no more sporting events at all. Most students do not see how much of a distraction sporting events are until there is no more games. High school sports have been around since the late 19th century or the early 20th century, and at first colleges would play high school. There are some people that believe that today’s society has prioritized sports over academics. Amanda Ripley article, School Should Be About Learning, Not Sports, argues that with sports being in high school it tells students that they do not have to be in school and that there is another path they can take to success; In contrast, Kevin Kniffin argues that†¦show more content†¦In her argument, she gets the viewpoint from a student that went to Germany and he told her doing well at sports was in the U.S just as important as having good grades.(Ripley) This was good for Ripley to hear and bring up in her article because it made her argument that sports get a priority over grades, and this is seen all over the world, not just in this country. One reason that spectators think that sports should be banned from high school is the health and safety risk. There are so many injuries that can take place in a single game Some of these injuries can be short term and long terms risk, but some spectators do not think that sporting events are worth either. The University of Michigan conducted a study and their conclusion was that â€Å"high school athletes become seniors, approximately percent will have used a narcotic pain reliever such as OxyContin or Vicodin for nonmedical purposes.† (Ramey) This study’s conclusion was important to share because it proves that through the injuries a player can get addicted to the pain medicine and continue to take it even after their prescription has gone out. Kniffin wrote an article, High School Athletes Gain Lifetime Benefits, that states a perspective that most people would never think of. Most people would not think that while playing a sport an athlete will gain certain characteristics that will help them their entire life. Kniffin brings upShow MoreRelatedThe Possibility of College Sports Being Banned775 Words   |  3 Pagescollege sports being banned was just a few weeks ago inside of my English 101 class. I cannot express how surprise I was when I found this out. Not in a million years I ever would of thought a activity that most athletes live by every day can just go away in a snap of a finger. How could somebody even turn professional if they have not been in the college phase yet? Questions just arise in my head when I hear about this topic. How could a promising talented basketball player leave their high schoolRead MoreShould School Athletes Have Drug Tests?1301 Words   |  6 PagesShould School Athletes have to take Drug Tests â€Å"17% of teens drink, smoke, and use drugs during the day in the United States.†(Adler) This is the result of the absence of drug testing in our community, especially in our school. An analysis fact from CDC’s objective Terry Pechacek states that 50 million people do drugs in the united states and 4 million of them are underage and the majority of them are in a high school athletic. Citizens predict that this percentage number will slowly pullulateRead MoreWhy High School Football Shouldnt Be Banned.984 Words   |  4 PagesVern M. Rotruck Lyndsey Daniel Comp I MWF 12:00 19 November 2014 Why High School Football Shouldn’t Be Banned. Football, ever since it began, has had the constant question of should it be banned. Footballs origins began back in ancient Greece where even then it was known as a very rough and brutal game. When football came to England it was thought to be so rough that kings Henry II and Henry IV both actually banned it. A lot has changed since those times in history. We now have equipmentRead MoreSport Enhancement Drugs1667 Words   |  7 PagesSteroids in Sports: Exploratory Essay The sports world has changed drastically over the past 10 years. The use of steroids has risen within that amount of time and it has changed the view of sports and the game itself. As a fan of all sports, it interests me why athletes feel like it’s ok or acceptable to take drugs to enhance their performance on the field of play. Athletes are always looking for ways to improve their skills on and off the field. With the use of steroids, athletes everywhere,Read MoreSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words   |  7 Pagesillegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports aren’t just any type of steroid or drug. They are called anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publicity within the world of sports over the past few years. As athletes continue to become bigge r, faster, and stronger many peopleRead MoreAthletes Understand The Danger Of Using Performance Enhancing Drugs1061 Words   |  5 Pagesthe pill.† (Freudenrich) Most competitive athletes will do whatever it takes to reach their goals, because to win is what satisfies their dream and they are willing to put their own life at risk. Abusing performance enhancing drugs needs to be banned in sport, because it ruined athlete’s health, reputation, and is giving a bad impression to the young athletes. Health in general is important. Taking care of its own health is what athletes need to be cared for because without a good body conditionRead MoreCollege Athletes : The Masters Of Multitasking1305 Words   |  6 Pagesmultitasking. Not only being able to play there individual sports at a high level but also finding the time to dedicate to there academics and achieve relatively decent grades. The amount of time that they dedicate to there university out on the game field and in the classroom should be deserving of a reward. Some argue that the problem would be that not every school can afford to give college athletes a decent compensation in every sport; for instance teams that do not bring in a lot of revenue suchRead MoreDrug Use in Sports Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pages Drugs should be banned in all sports. They have been a problem for a long time. Athletes use them to enhance their body and for simply just the edge. There is nothing wrong with using some drugs to enhance your bo dy as long as they are legal. The problems that come with drugs in sports are how to detect them. Some professional sports, such as the NHL, do not even use drug tests. The only sports that test for everything are the NBA and NFL. The Major League Baseball only tests for illegal drugs suchRead MoreCollege Is More Social Than Academic?891 Words   |  4 Pagesfootball to be banned because it has no academic purpose. He states that due to college football, grades start to drop, large amount of money is being spent, and activities that does have a high rate of graduating is being removed. Many students have gone to collage so they can get a higher and better education. What students don’t realize is, college can also be a distraction with a more social life and extracurricular activities. Activities can be from different types of sports such as footballRead MoreThe Banning Of Youth Football1405 Words   |  6 Pages The Banning of Youth Football Malik Suleman Ethical Issues in Sport: 001 Professor Andrea 09/07/2017 In the United States of America, football is perhaps the most revered sport of all time. It is essentially a right of passage for every child to play a sport at some point and many children choose to play football as it is one of the United State’s favorite past times. In fact, a total of 1.23 million youth ages 6-12 played tackle football in 2015 (Farrey, 2016). Although football

To Kill a Mockingbird Growing Up - 1153 Words

To Kill a Mockingbird Jem acts maturely The novel To Kill a Mocking Bird by Harper Lee is about a young girl named Scout and her brother, Jem, growing up in the small, southern town of Maycomb, Alabama. Scout and Jem live with their older father, Atticus, and spend their summers playing with their friend, Dill. They have many neighbors, and one is an older woman named Mrs. Dubose. As the siblings grow older, they begin to drift apart and new disagreements begin. Yet, as Jem begins change, he starts to think more maturely about feuds with his sister and opinions towards his neighbors. For example, in the tire incident, Jem realizes that Scout is in trouble and tries to help her. In addition, in the flower incident with Mrs. Dubose,†¦show more content†¦Dubose said earlier about Atticus. Scout tells us that,  gHe did not begin to calm down until he had cut the tops off every camellia bush Mrs. Dubose owned, until the ground was littered with green buds and leaves. He bent my baton against his knee c h (103) . This quote shows that Jem was feeling very hurt by what Mrs. Dubose had said about his father. To Jem, Atticus seems feeble and old, so, when threatened, Jem feels it is his responsibility to protect him. In the book, when Mrs. Dubose talks about Atticus, Jem just ignores her and walks away, but finally he decides to get revenge. He does this by,  glittering the ground with green buds and leaves. h Jem tries to hurt something Mrs. Dubose loves like she attacked Atticus. Mrs. Dubose fs harsh words make Jem feel that it is his job to defend Atticus. As To Kill a Mockingbird progresses, Jem takes definitive steps toward maturity with his actions in the tire and flower incidents, for example. He would later go on to repair the flowerbed he destroyed, and take greater care to protect Scout. Through his actions, we can see Jem develop a sense of morals and responsibility that would prove to be a lifesaver. scout and Jem Finch are growing up in the tired old Alabama town of Maycomb. Their father, Atticus, is the local lawyer and as a single parent tries to raise his children with honor and respect to their individualism. With the Depression on times are hard,Show MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird : A Novel About Growing Up Under Extraordinary Circumstances879 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird is primarily a novel about growing up under extraordinary circumstances in the 1930s in the Southern United States. The story covers a span of three years, during which the main characters undergo significant changes. Scout Finch lives with her brother Jem and their father Atticus in the fictitious town of Maycomb, Alabama. Maycomb is a small, close-knit town, and every family has its social station depending on where they live, who their parents are, and how long their ancestorsRead MoreHow Does Harper Lee Portray the Themes of Innocence, Maturity and Growing Up in to Kill a Mockingbird ? 1053 Words   |  5 PagesIn ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ written by Harper Lee, the author has used numerous different methods to portray the themes of innocence, maturity and growing up. These themes were put in so that the audience could become more empathetic towards the characters, especially the protagonists. She depicts these themes through characters, events, using symbolism, imagery and contrast located throughout the book. Firstly, Harper Lee shows the themes of innocence, maturity and growing up through the mainRead MoreEssay on How Harper Lee Was Influenced by The Times 1473 Words   |  6 Pageswrite about. Great authors write about what they know. They write about what they see. They write about what they hear. They write about personal experiences and incorporate details from their lives into their literature. Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is a classical work that reflects the Civil Rights and Women’s Movement of the 1950’s-1960’s through her depiction of the relationship between blacks and whites and her portrayal of female characters. The 1950’s and the 1960’s was a time ofRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird and Animal Farm Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic text because it is based on the meaning of a mockingbird, the idea of growing up, and the theme of prejudice and racism which still is a problem today. George Orwell’s Animal Farm is considered a classic text because it holds historical importance and shows how easily humans can be corrupted by power. The story of To Kill a Mockingbird is set in Alabama, a town in Maycomb, during the Great Depression. The story is told in the eyes of ScoutRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Theme Analysis1398 Words   |  6 Pagesdon’t grow up. If we don’t grow, we aren’t really living.† Losing something close to us is the key to growing up, and Scout, the protagonist in To Kill A Mockingbird, is one of those characters. Scout and several other characters in the novel lose their innocence as they begin to see the prejudice and racism of the 1930’s South. All of these characters were innocent and unaware of what Maycomb was, and their innocence was taken away from them because of that. In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper LeeRead MoreEssay On Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird1212 Words   |  5 PagesHarper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, is highly influenced by the life she lived as a little girl. She grew up in the small town of Monroeville, Alabama. She was bo rn there in 1926 and recently passed away in February of 2016 (Lee). Harper Lee’s real name was Nelle (Nail), but everyone calls her Harper because she opted for Nelle to be left off of her first novel. Her parents named her after her grandmother, Ellen, but spelled backwards (Shields I Am Scout 6). Despite growing up with two older sistersRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1294 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up is an unforgettable stage of life that all people will experience. This transition is usually known well as the change from a child to an adult. Harper Lee’s historical fiction novel ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ illustrates this movement proficiently. The plotline of the small, quiet town of Maycomb suddenly growing intense and controversial shows readers how surrounding events shape the people who participate in them, especially the young. ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ follows multiple childrenRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 W ords   |  4 Pageshand in hand with the theme growing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through theRead MoreA Time to Kill and to Kill a Mockingbird1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe movie based on John Grishams A Time to Kill is a Hollywoodized, modern-day version of To Kill a Mockingbird. Both movies employ many of the same themes and plot elements; but the former movie is one-dimensional and predictable while the latter is innovative and purposeful. The movie version of Harper Lees novel To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic film, whereas John Grishams adapted novel is merely another example of the money making efforts of Hollywood. Some of the movies moreRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1656 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Mockingbirds don’t do any harm but make music for us †¦ that’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird†, is a famous quote from the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Atticus, the father of the main character Scout, says this to her and her brother Jem when they receive rifles for Christmas. This book is considered a classic due to the allegory between the book title and the trial that occurs about halfway through the book. In the beginning of To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout is six. She is an innocent

Tennessee Williams †The Glass Menagerie †Jim as a...

Tennessee Williams – The Glass Menagerie Jim as a Representative of the American Dream and the Ideology of Optimism and Progressivism â€Å"He is the most realistic character in the play, being an emissary from a world of reality that we were somehow set apart from. . . . he is the long-delayed but always expected something that we live for.† (Williams 5) – Jims first introduction by Tom as a narrator is a crucial one, as it points to the ambiguity of Jims character. For the Wingfield family the young gentleman caller seems to be the symbolization of the American Dream and a way to overcome their own incapacities. But considering the external circumstances during the early decades of the 20th century and the further†¦show more content†¦And Gerald Weales comment on Jim being â€Å"dead wrong† (103) is legitimate as well, because it hints to Jims naà ¯vety that is demonstrated when he euphemistically claims that Americas future will be â€Å". . . even more wonderful than the present time is!† (Williams 72). As mentioned, the 1930s were far from â€Å"wonderful† and some people even tended to create their own illusionary universe, safely set in the past – like Amanda Wingfield. While Jims eyes are directed towards the future, Amanda is stuck in her obsolete past. Her American Dream is the traditional one; she always wanted to embody the image of the Southern Belle. But in the attempt to fulfill her Dream, which for a woman meant to live in a happy marriage with a wealthy husband, she has failed – Toms and Lauras father has left the family long time ago. What is left for Amanda is the memory of her youth in Blue Mountain where she had not only received seventeen gentlemen callers on a single day but also missed the opportunity to marry the later vice president or a very rich stockbroker – her opportunity of success. Concentrating on the bygone times Amanda has also missed the general change of values, as Williams already hints in the first descriptions about the characters of his play: â€Å"A little woman . . . clinging frantically to another time and place† (Williams xviii). Only slowly she realizes that the world outside forces her t o care for her children, so she starts selling

The Role of Women in History Free Essays

Andrew Makarian History 105 – 1002 Essay 2 In the history of western civilization were there any significant changes in the roles of women and in how these were defined? Women: cant live with them. Cant live without them. An old adage that pokes fun, yet is telling in its statement about how men view women. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Women in History or any similar topic only for you Order Now This sense of incompatibility curtails the differential roles men and women have played throughout history. The separation of sexes into distinct roles has inherently made them unequal. In today’s modern society, these deviations have been lessoned, but throughout the course of western development the roles of women have be markedly transformed. Looking back, three distinct points in time mark a transitional shift in female roles: the Code of Hammurabi, Spartan society, and the renaissance revival in education. Beginning in the ancient near east, the earliest accounts of women in society come to us from the Code of Hammurabi. Used as a guideline for society, the code candidly depicts daily life in ancient Babylon, defining among many things the roles of men and women. From the very beginning, the code depicts a very imbalanced view on gender roles; nearly every line in the code begins with â€Å"if a man†¦Ã¢â‚¬  making it painfully clear this code was written for men. The laws did not give credence to women unless addressed under a man: â€Å"if a man’s wife has a finger pointed at her on account of another, but has not been caught lying with him, for her husband’s sake she shall plunge into the sacred river (Beatty, 10). † women are cited inferior to men in their importance, but also their opinion has no real value in social determinations. This subservient role promises no power in ancient society, women found identity through the man they where with. If for any reason †she has not been discrete, has gone out, ruined her house, littered her husband, she shall be drowned (Beatty, 10). † There is absolutely no room for individualism. Women in ancient times where deprived of a real separate role in greater society, they are portrayed basically as extension of their male contemporaries. Although this particular near east culture defined women as patriarchal property, women would see increased development in their social roles as humanity as a whole progressed. From Babylon to Sparta, over a millennium of improvements, the roles of women would see several significant changes. In the classical age, the Spartan city-state grew into a powerful warrior based society in the Peloponnesian. The polis was based on hoplite primacy: Spartan men played the role of warrior. The importance of â€Å"manliness† for men ironically proved pivotal in strengthening women’s roles in society. There was a revolutionary shift in perspective: â€Å"Only Spartan women could rule men† and that was because â€Å"only Spartan women gave birth to real men. † These advancements for women translated into increased opportunities. Spartan women could marry whomever they wanted, Spartan women could ascertain an education, and Spartan women could own land. The development roles in this time period were important for laying the foundations for future progress. Being an influential power, Spartan society expanded throughout the Aegean and spread its beliefs to forthcoming cultures. The likes of Athens, Macedon, and even the Roman Empire would come to acknowledge Spartan advancements in female status. At the height of the roman republic, this influence would translate into upper-class Roman women earning an education and practicing the rhetorical traditions. Such extraordinary advancements would unfortunately curtail the decline of society as a whole, as roles began to backslide into obscurity. Beyond Sparta and after the fall of Rome, western civilization sees a decline in many aspects, including the rights of women. During these dark ages, a shadowy cloud looms over feminine development. It is not until the renaissance that this haze is cleared away and a return to classical humanism opens the door for empowerment. As society during renaissance period began rediscovering classical thinking, liberal education became available to men and women. An important figure in this educational revival is Laura Cereta. Daughter of an upper-middle-class attorney, Cereta received an education in Latin and developed as a writer and humanist thinker. Her work, â€Å"In Defense of Liberal Education for Women†, had been written to counter growing fears against advancements in rights for women. Cereta attacks the notion that â€Å"extraordinary intellect of the sort one would have thought nature would give†¦ [man]†, was not imparted on to women (Beatty, 309). She defends that â€Å"the philosopher sees with her mind; she furnishes paths with a window of reason through which she can ascend to a state of wareness (Beatty, 309). † This powerful statement is indicative of education women are capable of attaining in this time period. This role of thinker, of philosopher, of humanist had been reserved solely for men for much of western civilization. This shift is another step towards the role of modern women. Beyond educa tion, Cereta work also comments on women in the social order by relating to her contemporaries: â€Å"others love to say cute little things, to hide their feelings behind a mask of tranquility, to indulge in dancing, and lead pet dogs around on a leash (Beatty, 311). This last passage sheds more light on some of the other roles women played during the renaissance. The parallelism from that time period to the modern era is shocking. Had this line been written about women today it would be equally as relevant. As a whole, Laura Cereta’s writing allows an intimate look at women in renaissance society, but more importantly, her work demonstrates a new sense of confidence and destiny not shared by previous women. Throughout the development of western civilization, the roles of women have markedly been transformed. The Code of Hammurabi, Spartan society, and the renaissance revival in education, where just three points that showed this growth. From property to free thinking philosophers, women have held many roles. It is important to consider the progress through the ages, as it is a reflection on society as a whole. References Beatty, J. L. , Johnson, O. A. , Reisbord, J. , Choudhury , M. (2004). Heritage of western civilization: Ancient Civilizations and the Emergence of the West. (Vol. 1). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, Prentice Hall. How to cite The Role of Women in History, Essay examples

Alcohol-Related Violence in Sydney

Question: Describe about the Parliamentary note advising the Attorney General with a summary of the research on whether the lock out laws in Kings Cross are an effective way to curb alcohol and drug fuelled violence in Sydeney. Answer: Parliamentary note advising the Attorney General with a summary of the research on whether the lock out laws in Kings Cross are an effective way to curb alcohol and drug fuelled violence. While responding to the widely publicized reports regarding alcohol-related violence in Sydney, particularly in Kings Cross area, a package of reforms was announced by the NSW government which was passed into legislation on 30th Jan, 2014. The most significant among these measures is the creation of a new entertainment 'precinct' where special alcohol licensing conditions will apply. Some of these measures will also apply to the present King's Cross presinct that was created under earlier legislation. Apart from these precinct specific conditions, this package also introduced a ban on take away alcohol sales after 10 pm and it applied to both the shops, clubs and hotels. These provisions have been in effect since 24 February, 2014. In this regard, it has been claimed by the police that the number of savage assaults in the popular nightspots of Sydney have dropped significantly after the introduction of lockout laws. At the same time, it has also been claimed that there is no evidence to suggest that the problem has moved elsewhere (Roth, 2014). However, according to the data collected by the city of Sydney, it may be the result of lesser people partying in Kings Cross and CBD. On the other hand, the police claims that there was a feeling that a positive shift has taken place towards a safer environment. In this regard, the police claim that after the six months of these laws coming into force, only two incidents were reported related with assault causing grievous bodily harm. On the other hand, during the same period in the earlier year, the number of such incidents was 22 (Pilgrim, Gerostamoulos, and Drummer, 2014). During this period, police issued nearly 350 banning orders for Kings Cross. Out of these banning orders, most were short-term orders however, a few were long-term also. The banning orders allowed the police to apply for the removal of a person from Kings Cross percent for up to a year if such person has been convicted of a serious alcohol-related offense in the past. In this way, the police feel that encouraging signs are present to suggest a reduction in intoxication. These lock-out laws were introduced to deal with violence that is related with alcohol after the one punch death of Daniel Christie and Thomas Kelly. According to these laws, the licensed premises in Kings Cross and CBD are required to lockout patrons from 1:30 am and similarly these premises are also required to stop serving alcohol after 3 am (Plunk, 2013). In this matter, it is acknowledged by the police that there were less than people on the streets at night and it has also contributed in a decrease in assaults. In the same way, the research conducted by the city of Sydney on six Saturday nights in March and April revealed that the foot part congestion was less by 84% to 78% in some areas as compared to the level in December 2012. On the basis of CCTV footage and observations by the officers of the Council, it was found that they were lesser people on the streets and at the same time, lesser incidence in the CBD. As a result, concerns have been raised that some businesses may have been forced to close down or struggling to survive after the introduction of these laws (Morgan and McAtamney 2009). As a result, there has been a call for the review of these measures after one year instead of conducting such a review after two years. It has also been argued by the clubs and pubs that these laws can move the alcohol-related violence to areas that are outside the lockout zone. However in this regard, the police claim that although a slight increase in the crowds in these areas has been reported, but there has been no increase in alcohol-related violence in these areas. At the same time, the staff from the hospital in the area informed that a significant decrease has taken place in case of alcohol related presentations at the hospital. However, it still requires to be examined if 'displacement' of violence related with alcohol was an issue. In this regard, some experts believe that it is too soon to evaluate the success of these laws, particularly due to the reason that generally the rate of assault drops after its peak in January. Therefore, it may be too early to evaluate the decrease and data for some more months may be required (Laing, Sendall and Barker, 2013). On the other hand, the Australian Hotels Association, NSW believes that the government may have "moved too quickly" in this matter. It is also claimed by them that too many regulations have been imposed by the government at once and as a result, it is not possible to point out which regulations have been more effective as compared to the others. In the same way, the decision to ban take away liquor sales after 10 pm has also been criticized on the grounds that the pubs and farmers in the country areas have become the 'unintended victims' of the policy (Laslett, 2010). As a result, it can be recommended in the present case that these measures need to be implemented throughout the State. By not doing so, artificial and problematic flow of people may be created towards other entertainment districts which are not well equipped to deal with the late-night patrons. On the other hand, if these measures are implemented throughout the state, people will be going out earlier, instead of going elsewhere and at the same time, it will also ensure that the overall revenue remains the same. References Laing, A.J., M.C. Sendall, and R. Barker, 2013, Alcohol-related violence presenting to the emergency department: is 'glassing' the big issue?, Emerg Med Australas, 25(6): p. 550-7 Laslett, A. et al 2010, The Range and Magnitude of Alcohols Harm to Others, Fitzroy, Victoria: AER Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Eastern Health, p. 63 Morgan, A. and A. McAtamney 2009, Key issues in alcohol-related violence, Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra Pilgrim, J.L., D. Gerostamoulos, and O.H. Drummer, 2014, "King hit" fatalities in Australia, 2000-2012: the role of alcohol and other drugs, Drug Alcohol Depend, 135: p. 119-32 Plunk, A. 2013, The Persistent Effects of Minimum Legal Drinking Age Laws on Drinking Patterns Later in Life, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Volume 37, Issue 3, pages 463469 Roth, L. 2014, Liquor licensing restrictions to address alcohol-related violence in NSW: 2008 to 2014, NSW Parliamentary Research Service

Land Pollution Essay Example

Land Pollution Paper Air pollution is the unwanted chemical, biological and particulate substances in the atmosphere that contaminates the air which causes harm to lives, properties, vegetation, environmental disorder and makes us uncomfortable. The substances which are used in polluting the air are known as pollutant. Air pollution has different impact on our society of which this essay is going to identify the causes of air pollution (Carbon monoxide and the effects on environment). This essay will also identify the effects of air pollution to our everyday lives, I. E. How air pollution has affected the world we live in and the people in it. Means of transportation which are cars, trucks, trains, buses etc. Has caused harm in our environment because they burn out carbon monoxide which pollutes the air. According to Socio (2007), diesel school bus, tractors, and bulldozers emit carbon monoxide 25 times more than motor vehicles. Children are at higher risk because diesel school bus carries children around from one location to another. State of Nevada (2008) claims that emission of gas from cars and trucks are one of the agents of global warming and also, extracting, transporting and storing transportation fuels (gasoline) also pollutes the land and seas. The burning of fossil fuels e. G. Coal, fuel, oil, gas by industries in production of our everyday needs has a negative effect on the atmosphere and also burning of forest has a negative impact on atmosphere. Socio (2007) states that, the burning of heavy oil and coal by industries causes smog on the atmosphere. Smog is created by burning coal and heavy oil that contain sulfur impurities in power plants, industrial plants, etc. The smog consists mostly of a mixture of sulfur dioxide and fog. Suspended droplets of sulfuric acid are formed from some of the sulfur dioxide, and a variety of suspended old particles. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This smog is common during the winter in industrialized cities like London and Chicago. According to Socio (2007), the burning of rain forest emits more and more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A 1 1 5 year old Beech tree exposes about 200,000 leaves with a total surface to 1200 square meters. During the course of one sunny day such a tree inhales 9,400 liters of carbon dioxide to produce 12 kilograms of carbohydrate, thus liberating 9,400 liters of oxygen. Land Pollution Essay Example Land Pollution Paper What is land pollution? Land pollution is the deterioration (destruction) of the earths land surfaces, often directly or indirectly as a result of mans activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed off properly, or can occur when humans throw chemicals unto the soil in the form of pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers during agricultural practices. Exploitation of minerals (mining activities) has also contributed to the destruction of the earths surface. Human actions have also caused many large areas of land to lose or reduce heir capacity to support life forms and ecosystems. This is know as land degradation. Note that land degradation can result from many factors, and land pollution is only one of them. In the lesson, we shall see the more about Land and Environmental Pollution, the sources of the pollution, its consequences and a few things we can do to prevent further pollution and protect our environment. Floods impact on both individuals and communities, and have social, economic, and environmental consequences. Some of the impacts of land pollution are: * Flooding * Air pollution * Soil pollution Toxins in water * Damage to marine life * Distraction to tourist Flooding The dumping of waste inappropriately can cause clogged drains leading to flooding. One problem that flooding presents to the environment is the potential to spread pollution. When cities and other areas used by humans are flooded, it is likely that various contaminants will be washed away by flood waters and spread into the environment. Solid waste in farmland with livestock can be washed away with the flood. Animals face many of the same threats from flooding as humans. Large floods can trap animals and tangentially cause them to drown. Flood waters can displace animals like snakes and rodents, which can pose dangerous conditions for animals and humans. * Flooding in key agricultural production areas can lead to widespread damage to crops and fencing and loss Of livestock. Crop losses through rain damage, waterlogged soils, and delays in harvesting are further intensified by transport problems due to flooded roads and damaged infrastructure. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The flow-on effects of reduced agricultural production can often impact well outside the production area as food prices increase due to heritages in supply. On the other hand, flood events can result in long-term benefits to agricultural production by recharging water resource storages, especially in drier, inland areas, and by rejuvenating soil fertility by silt deposition. * Flooding of urban areas can result in significant damage to private property, including homes and businesses. Losses occur due to damage to both the structure and contents of buildings. Insurance of the structure and its contents against flooding can reduce the impacts of floods on individuals or companies. * The immediate impacts of flooding include zoos of human life, Floods can also traumatized victims and their families for long periods of time. The loss of loved ones has deep impacts, especially on children. Displacement from ones home, loss of property and disruption to business and social affairs can cause continuing stress. For some people the psychological impacts can be long lasting. Flooding can also cause mosquitoes which can cause diseases such as dengue. Air pollution Landfills across the country fills up because of the waste that are being dumped everyhere, they become a home for rodents and sometimes the asset are even burnt, creating very bad smells. Soil pollution: There are numerous types of soil pollution. Sadly, they are all caused by our waste and mistreatment of the land. Soil pollution is caused by pesticides, bad irrigation methods, garbage and industrial waste, among others. Some Of the types of soil pollution includes: Runoff * Runoff from farmland and agricultural fields causes soil pollution that can damage animal and plant life. In addition, rainwater can wash the chemicals used by farmers into water sources, which end up in soil far away from the site. Soil Amendments Soil amendments, byproducts from industry, can be used to amplify the nutrients within soil. However, many times, these products stem from industrial waste. Materials such as ash, lime and bio-solids can leave the soil contaminated over the long term. Landfills landfills contain products that can leak into the soil. Sulfates, nitrates, heavy metals and other unnatural products pollute the ground. Oil Spills * fertility status of the land was greatly compromised after an oil spill. Toxins in Water In many natural systems, floods play an important role in maintaining key ecosystem functions and biodiversity. They link the river with the land surrounding it, recharge groundwater systems, fill wetlands, increase the connectivity between aquatic habitats, and move both sediment and nutrients around the landscape, and into the marine environment. For many species, floods trigger breeding events, migration, and dispersal. These natural systems are resilient to the effects of all but the largest floods. Damage to marine life Development of marinas and breakwaters can cause changes in currents and coastlines. Furthermore, extraction of building materials such as sand affects coral reefs, mangroves, and hinterland forests, leading to erosion and destruction of habitats. In the Philippines and the Maldives, dynamiting and mining of coral for resort building materials has damaged fragile coral reefs and depleted the fisheries that sustain local people and attract tourists. Overbuilding and extensive paving of shorelines can result in destruction of habitats and disruption of land-sea connections (such as sea-turtle nesting spots). Coral reefs are especially fragile marine ecosystems and are suffering relied from reef-based tourism developments. Evidence suggests a variety of impacts to coral result from shoreline development, increased sediments in the water, trampling by tourists and divers, ship groundings, pollution from sewage, overflowing, and fishing with poisons and explosives that destroy coral habitat. Distraction for tourist The city looses its attraction as tourist destination as landfills do not look when moving around the city. It leads to loss of revenue for the country. Negative impacts from tourism occur when the level of visitor use is greater Han the environments ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change. Uncontrolled conventional tourism poses potential threats to many natural areas around the world. It can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to impacts such as soil erosion, increased pollution, discharges into the sea, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened vulnerability to forest fires. It often puts a strain on water resources, and it can force local populations to compete for the use of critical resources. Land Pollution Essay Example Land Pollution Paper People across the globe have been facing a number of health problems caused due to the pollution of land, water and air. Talking about land pollution, it has some of the most devastating effects on both nature and living beings. Land pollution is characterized by the contamination of Earth s surface, where humans and other creatures live. One of the major causes of land pollution is human activities. Given below is complete information about the main causes and harmful effects of land pollution. Causes of Land Pollution by Human * Increase in arbitration is one of the major causes of land pollution in Cambodia. Construction uses up forestland. Since Cambodia is a developing country, this leads to the exploitation and destruction of forests. There is more demand for water. Reservoirs are built resulting in the loss Of land. In urban areas redevelopment has been a major cause of forced evictions. In Phonon Penn alone, 133,000 people, or 1 1% of the population, were estimated to have been evicted from their homes between 1 990 and 2009. Rural landlines, often caused by forced evictions, rose from 13% in 1997 to 20-25% in 2007 12. Of serious consequence is the fact that evictions increase the vulnerability of women to further acts of violence. A long-term advisor to the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction (MULCH) estimates that, partly because of such evictions, a minimum 100,000 landless and land-poor households need land (Mueller, 201 1). * The disposal of non-biodegradable wastes, including containers, bottles and cans made of plastic, used cars and electronic goods, leads to the pollution of land. Citizen lack of knowledge of disposal, the laws isnt strict enough. * Agricultural wastes including the waste matters produced by rope, animal manure and residues of the farm land are one of the major causes of land pollution. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The pesticides and fertilizers used by farmers to increase the crop yield whereas the farmer is over-using it due to lack of skilled in farming leaches into the nearby land areas and pollutes them. * The process of mining leads to the formation of piles of coal and slang. The mining is increasing to supply the increase of population. When these wastes are not disposed through proper channel, they are accumulated and contaminate the land. * Industry is developing in Cambodia, its wastes are major contributors of land pollution. Dumping of toxic materials such as chemicals and paints makes the areas surrounding the industries, look very filthy. Improper treatment of sewage leads to the accumulation of solids, such as biomass sludge. These solid wastes overflow through the sewage, making the entire area look dirty. * Although domestic and industrial wastes are collected and recycled or burnt in incinerators, a large amount of rubbish is left untreated. These are then dumped into grounds , leading to land pollution. While the law isnt obeyed so the industrial can just dispose the trash whereas they want to. * Garbage dumped by people makes the trees unhealthy, unfit and dirty to reside in. The waste matter usually consists of leftover food, fruit and vegetable peels and other non- decomposable solid materials such as glass, cloth, plastic, wood, paper etc. Cause of Land Pollution By Nature Many natural processes can create soil pollution. They include: * Erosion: The natural processes of erosion can lead to severe pollution as sediment finds its way into streams, rivers and oceans. As the sediment dumps into the oceans, it can upset fragile aquatic echo-systems and marine life. * Hoods: A raging river swollen by heavy rain too quickly create land elution. Rivers that run over the banks into communities (example like Mekong river) sweep away automobiles, homes, propane tanks and hundreds of other pollutants that eventually find their way into the soil once the waters * Heavy metals: Many people are surprised to learn that soil can be recede. Contaminated from natural elements such as heavy metals that include lead, arsenic, chromium, selenium and cadmium. These can also leach into water supplies; however, the instances are fairly rare. * Radon: This is a serious pollutant gas that appears naturally in soil as a result of the uranium breakdown process. When inhaled, this gas can cause lung cancer. * Storm erosion: Natural disasters such as tornadoes destroy manmade structures and carry contaminates and hazardous materials into waterways and oceans. These pollutants disrupt the natural order of marine life and aquatic systems. It rarely happens in Cambodia though. Harmful Effects of Land Pollution * Tons of domestic wastes are dumped every day. Since people do not follow proper methods for the disposal of such wastes, it leaves the places kick dirty and makes them unhealthy. * Land pollution indirectly affects the respiratory system of human beings. Breathing in polluted dust or particle can result in a number of health problems related to the respiratory system. * Skin problems are often diagnosed due to land pollution. It is said that the improper disposal of household wastes leads to allergic reactions on the skin. * Land pollution has been found as one of the leading causes for birth defects. Pregnant women living in unhealthy and dirty environment can incur breathing problems and a number of diseases, which may affect the health of the baby as well. * Land pollution often disrupts the balance of Nature, causing human fatalities. Land Pollution Essay Example Land Pollution Paper This is a very general and common fundamental, but in fact, how many people can actually apply it to their life and live up to it? We promote healing our environment, but on the other hand, we bust it up with burning the forest, throwing rubbish everywhere, pouring the toxin into the soil, and etc. The reason why weve chosen this topic is because this concern has increased in the last few decades. Furthermore, many people dont pay much attention to environmental problems because they dont understand how serious the problem would affect them or their lifestyle. Land pollution can harm locals just by being nearby. For example, people who live near toxic sites often have birth defects, shorter life spans, and chemical induced diseases. The dangers of land pollution are so great that landfills have to be sealed so no air can leak in or out, making decomposition in landfills nearly impossible. So, our mission is to create awareness to people about the land problems in Malaysia is getting serious and serious. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We also ant to create awakens to the society to protect environment for our future and of course to build a safety culture in our daily life. Targeted Audience and Missions Weve categories the audiences into 4 groups based on their ages and professions. Well use different aims and methodologies to achieve our vision and mission. 1. Children age under 12 Children can become an important ally in our overall efforts to enhance the environment and our childrens awareness of these issues is critical in this cause. Many things that you learn at a young age are carried on with you later in life. Walk the walk and the children will follow. Committing personally to greater environmental consciousness and encouraging recycle by recycling ourselves. We need to help them see the importance of environmental awareness in life. Here are some ways to create awareness on this category: A. Read with them about the issues. There are a number Of great books for kids helping them understand the environment and the issues they face. B. Set an example. Walk the walk and the children will follow. We need to be a role model for them, a person who cares and concerns about environment and the places we live. C. Participate in environmental projects. We can organize an environmental project together with our neighborhoods to promote the importance of conservation and preservation. Plant trees and does gardening can be effectively reduce the land pollution. Moreover, activities are good opportunities to teach environmental principles. Make time to be together with your children outside and you will have chances to experience nature on the first hand 2. Teenage age under 18 Thirty percent of the worlds population is under the age of eighteen, according to UNEVEN, which is why educating children and young adults about environmental problems is crucial to long-term Success. Teenager as a result of the future successor, if they do not understand how our environment does paid for the civilization and ignores the pondered of self-awaken towards land preservation and conservation, one day; we will step inside the rattrap and digest the pain ourselves. As for it, we need to aware the teenager to resolve to be the land guardian, to protect and cherish our land and environment. Here are some ways for this category: A. Classroom education Integrating environmental education into current science classes or teaching environmental science as a separate discipline is one of the best ways to educate children and teens about environmental problems, such as land problems. B. Held an anti-land pollution campaign Land pollution is mainly caused by poor solid waste management. By holding this campaign, we can promote the ways of reduction, reuse and recycle in reducing the problems of land pollutions. C. Interactive Environment Games This format of gaming helps to spread environmental awareness. Interactive environmental games require the players to maintain, cleanse and keep a healthy environment virtually. Players can help save endangered species, lean their neighborhood by disposing Off the trash or even clean toxic materials. 3. Professions and non-professions The natural sounded alarm was too weak to curb people from continuing to produce a great deal of trash and deteriorating our environment. The earth is paying the price for us for the development of industrialization in our nation. Land will not heal itself. It requires us to take actions. So, with all the professions involvement in our project, we believe that it wills become a guiding role in the majority of young and with the chain-reaction, it brings incentive and positive impact to our community. Besides, we need to have on-professions to get involved as volunteer to work together to return a beautiful home to the earth. When we notice that people we look up to are promoting the green movement we are going to get more involved. So, awareness on these peoples is necessary for us. A. Advertise, advertise, and advertise. One of the best ways to make people aware of the problem is through repetitious advertising. We need to have advertisement campaigns that talk about Going Green and what we Can do to save the environment. There could be an advertising campaign with the slogan, Only You Can Save Our Land. B. Government impose protection act to the public Whoever against the laws and cause land polluted, government will impose penalty or prison to them. C. Create company responsibilities The government can give incentives or rewards to the company whoever reduce or minimize the pollution of the land. E. G. Replant the tree or forest, minimize the chemical usages, so on and so for. How do we benefit? Based on the objectives Ive mentioned, it is clearly shown that there are several benefits by preserving and conserving our lands: 1 . Save limited resources and give our next generation a healthy and safety environment to live. 2. We also promoting stronger awakens by giving out wariness and knowledge to the public that we all need to reach out and work with neighbors to protect the land we need and love. 3. Preservation of land helps future generations from protecting foods and water supply, providing wildlife habitat, and strengthening communities. How is part 2 going to be done in debut? What kind Of nation we will be, what kind Of world we will live in, whether we shape the future in the mage of our hopes, is ours to determine by our actions and our choices. We are going to make a movie about the awareness of land pollution, make comparison on the land before and after polluted tit a slogan of embrace the green revolution; Im a friend of nature. Summing-up The Earth is groaning and trembling. It needs our help. The land is our indispensable resources and it couldnt be replaced. It is also the basis for plant growing and agricultural production. Land is just as important as our heart, we carried out every productions and activities on the land, we live on and rely it. Lets create the green for future. Cherish our land resources and say no to land pollution. Actions must be taken immed iately in order to expose this awareness to our friends and families surrounding. Land Pollution Essay Example Land Pollution Paper Land pollution is basically about contaminating the land surface of the earth through dumping urban waste matter indiscriminately, dumping of industrial waste, mineral exploitation, and misusing the soil by harmful agricultural practices. Pollution includes visible litter and waste along with the soil itself being polluted. The soil gets polluted by the chemicals in pesticides and herbicides used for agricultural purposes along with waste matter being littered in urban areas such as roads, parks, and streets. Land pollution is the result of human misuse of soil. Poor agricultural practices, digging up of important resources and dumping of garbage underground can cause land pollution. Arbitration, the growth of rural lands into urban areas and industrialization that results in the formation of an industrial society are regarded as the two main causes of land pollution. The excavation of minerals, the increasing quarrying and mining activities lead to land pollution. The excavation and mining activities lead to the loosening of soil. Increased mechanization leads to the contamination of soil, thus causing ever land pollution. Deforestation is one of the major causes of loosening of soil, that in turn causes soil erosion. The soil that is left naked on harvesting crops from agricultural lands is vulnerable to being eroded by wind and water. Intensive agricultural practices cause the soil cover to lose its nutritional elements, making it of no use for agriculture. Excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers causes soil contamination. Chemicals can prove harmful to the animal and plant life. An excessive use of chemicals leads to a decrease in the fertility of soil. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Certain herbicides and insecticides dead to toxicity of soil. Fungicides contain copper and mercury, which are extremely harmful to the soil as well as the plant and animal life that thrives in it. Inefficient and unhealthy methods of soil management and harmful irrigation practices lead to soil pollution. Agricultural and industrial waste, solids from sewage treatment plants, ashes and garbage are other causes of land pollution. The accumulation of inorganic wastes in soil poses a threat to the plant and animal life in that area. Garbage is carelessly dumped into the soil. Non-biodegradable wastes such as plastic and rubber prove lethal to the fife in the soil. Plastic and glass bottles, cans, rubber tires and electronic items dumped in the soil make up the main cause of land pollution. Solid wastes are harmful to the terrestrial plants and animals. One of the major consequences of land pollution is the imbalance in nature, resulting from the harm caused to the wildlife and vegetation on the land. It adversely affects the human respiratory system and results in various skin problems if the toxic materials of the soil come in contact with the skin. The consumption of fruits and vegetables that are grown in contaminated soil an lead to several health hazards in human beings. When contaminated soil is washed away in the water reservoirs, it leads to water pollution, which is lethal to the aquatic flora and fauna. The soil contaminants are driven by the wind, causing air pollution, which is detrimental to health. It is high time we realize the importance of soil and devise ways to curb land pollution. Maximum use of biodegradable materials and implementation of recycling in order to reuse resources are some of the excellent methods of preventing land pollution. It is important to implement proper methods of disposal of organic waste. It is necessary to educate the masses about the causes and effects of land pollution. We cannot take Mother Earth for granted. The process of contamination of the land surface of the Earth is referred to as land pollution. It results from human activities that cause an imbalance in nature. Dumping human and industrial waste, harmful agricultural practices and exposing the land to harmful chemicals leads to the pollution of land. We often ignore the fact that land constitutes soil, which is one of the most important natural resources. While discussing the causes and effects of elution, we speak of water and air pollution and rarely even think of the adverse effects Of land pollution. Land Pollutants Comprise: Solid Waste and Soil Pollution Solid Waste Semisolid or solid reenter that are created by human or animal activities, and which are disposed because they are hazardous or useless are known as solid waste. Most of the solid wastes, like paper, plastic containers, bottles, cans, and even used cars and electronic goods are not biodegradable, which means they do not get broken down through inorganic or organic processes. Thus, when they accumulate they pose a health threat to people, plus, ceasing wastes also attract household pests and result in urban areas becoming unhealthy, dirty, and unsightly places to reside in. Moreover, it also causes damage to terrestrial organisms, while also reducing the uses of the land for other, more useful purposes. Some of the sources of solid waste that cause soil pollution are: Wastes from Agriculture – This comprises waste matter produced by crop, animal manure, and farm residues. Wastes from Mining – Piles of coal refuse and heaps of slang. Wastes from Industries – Industrial waste matter that can cause land pollution can include paints, chemicals, and so on. Solids from Sewage Treatment – Wastes that are left over after sewage has been treated, biomass sludge, and settled solids. Ashes – The residual matter that remains after solid fuels are burned. Garbage – This comprises waste matter from food that are decomposable and other waste matter that are not decomposable such as glass, metal, cloth, plastic, wood, paper, and so on. Soil Pollution Soil pollution is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as poisons that are used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides that are used to get rid of weeds. Hence, soil pollution results from: Unhealthy methods of soil management. Harmful practices Of irrigation methods. Land pollution is caused by farms because they allow manure to collect, which leaches into the nearby land areas. Chemicals that are used for purposes like sheep dipping also cause serious pollution as do diesel oil spillages. What are the Consequences of Land Pollution? ND or soil pollution can affect wildlife, plants, and humans in a number of ways, such as: Cause problems in the respiratory system Cause problems on the skin Lead to birth defects Cause various kinds of cancers. The toxic materials that pollute the soil can get into the human body directly by: Coming into contact with the skin Being washed into water sources like reservoirs and rivers Eating fruits and vegetables that have been grown in polluted soil Breathing in polluted dust or particles How can Land Pollution be prevented? People should be educated and made aware about the harmful effects of littering Items used for domestic purposes ought to be reused or recycled Personal litter should be disposed properly Organic waste matter should be disposed in areas that are far away from existential places Inorganic matter such as paper, plastic, glass and metals should be reclaimed and then recycled. It has become the need of the hour to protect the earth from the harmful effects of pollution, so that the generations to come will be able to a live a decently healthy life. Every individual will have to take the onus on himself and work towards bettering the environment and keep the earth green and healthy. Causes [pica [pica]illumination’s Arbitration [Pica] Domestic Wastes Causes of Land Pollution Overpopulation 1 . Degenerative Actions encompass a lot of human actions, including – forestation, overuse Of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, desertification, mining, inefficient and / or inadequate waste treatment, landfill, litter, etc. Many of these are unavoidable; however, definitely the severity of these actions in terms of the effects they have on the land can be reduced by taking appropriate and adequate corrective measure. For example, the amount of litter produced can be hugely reduced if we all strictly say NO to plastic. The key here is to conduct a thorough EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment. 2. Misuse of Land mainly refers to felling of trees to clear land for agriculture, s well as processes like desertification and land conversion. Desertification is when anthropogenic effects of human development and / or other actions converts a piece of (essentially) fertile land into desert-land or dry land. Isn’t that a scary thought? Land once converted to desert-land can never be reclaimed by any amount of corrective measures. This is also a serious issue because t does not only affect the land, but also the overall biodiversity of a place, specially when land is cleared for agriculture. A lot of indigenous flora and fauna is lost in the process. 3. Inefficient Use of Land – surprised? Does inefficient use of land count as a cause Of land pollution? Yes. Why? Due to the consequences of inefficient use of land. Inefficient use of land as such is not going to cause land pollution. However, inefficient use of land amounts to wastage, and hence shortage of land; and it is precisely during such conditions that man has to resort to measure such as deforestation and others to meet his needs. It is an important, albeit an indirect cause of land pollution that is often largely neglected. 4. Soil Pollution is when the top-most ‘soil’ layer of land is destroyed or polluted. Soil pollution is again another cause of land pollution that affects not only the land, but also a lot of other things such as forest cover of a region, productivity of land in terms of agriculture, grazing etc. Soil pollution is also caused by wrong agricultural practices, such as overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This causes non-biodegradable chemicals to enter and accumulate in the food-chain – a process often referred to as bio magnification of a pollutant. . Land Conversion is the process whereby a piece of land is converted from its indigenous form to a form used for either agriculture or infrastructure. Land conversion is especially a growing problem that we possibly do not have a good or a good enough solution for. The best way to avoid land conversion is to make efficient use of the available land. Using a piece of land to its maximum potential is the key to eliminate many of the causes of land pollution. 6. Arbitration and Industrialization. As more and more people migrated to cities for better job prospects, it caused a dearth of land. Forests around the cities were cut and suburbs came up where the immigrants began to live. Due to this deforestation, ecosystems got disturbed and many plant and animal baits were destroyed. 7. Increase in Population. Due to the increase in population, there has been a need for more food. Because of this, a major part of the land is being cultivated for food. Even forests have been cut, thus, adding further to land degradation and pollution. 8. Agricultural and Industrial Wastes. Chemicals in pesticides and herbicides used in agriculture as well as poisonous substances left behind by industries, particularly mining, have polluted the land to a great extent. 9. Technological Waste. Computer parts and other worn out, old machines have added to the land pollution. 10. Domestic Wastes. These are caused by foods, plastics, paper and other left over from a household. The amount of such a waste is huge and thus, is a major contributor to land pollution. You may further go to causes and effects of land pollution. Effects Effects to Climate Extinction of Species Effects of Land Pollution 1. Effects on Climate Land pollution can affect the general environment of the Earth. Land pollutions leads to loss in the forest cover of Earth. This is in turn going to affect the amount of rain. Less rains mean lesser vegetation. The effect of all different kinds of pollution will eventually lead to problems like acid rains, roundhouse effect, global warming. All of these problems have already initiated and need to be curbed before the situation runs out of control. 2. Extinction of Species One of the major causes of concern is the extinction of species. Species are pushed towards endangerment and extinction primarily by two processes. Habitat fragmentation is the fragmentation of the natural habitat of an organism; cause primarily by urban sprawl. Habitat destruction, on the other hand, is when land clearing adversely affects animals special such that their natural habitat is lost. Both the actions can cause some species to go extinct and others to become invasive. 3. Bio magnification Bio magnification is the process in which certain non-biodegradable substances go on accumulating in the food-chain (in one or more species). The most common example is of methyl mercury in fish and mercury in eagles. Not only does bio magnification put the particular species at risk, it puts all the species above and below it at risk, and ultimately affects the food pyramid. 4. Effects on Biodiversity Species extinction and bio magnification is going to overthrow the balance of nature very significantly. The main reason for this is disturbance created in he food chain. To give you a very simple example – on account of bio magnification of mercury in eagles, they might go extinct in the subsequent years. However, we know eagles prey on snakes. Less (or no) eagles will then result in more number of snakes! As you may have realized, land pollution is indeed going to affect a lot more things than we though it will. Hence, I leave you with some corrective measure you can take on a personal level to reduce land pollution. Encourage organic farming – buy organic food. Proper garbage disposal – separate your garbage before you give it to the airbag collector; and strictly say NO to plastic. Encourage recycling – buy recycled products, notebooks, paper, etc. Restrict use of herbicides and pesticides – they are not only used in farm, but in your own backyard as well. If we reduce our contribution to garbage and litter, therein itself we will be able to significantly reduce land pollution and probably curb it entirely in the near future. Also do realize this isn’t only about land pollution; it is about all kinds Of pollution. We need to take Steps to prevent damaging our Earth. We have no other place to go.

Mannerismâ€Art After the High Renaissance

Mannerism- Art After the High Renaissance After the High Renaissance in Italy, many wondered just where art was heading next. The answer? Mannerism. The new style first popped up in Florence and Rome, then the rest of Italy and, eventually, all over Europe. Mannerism, a phrase coined in the 20th century, is what happened artistically during the Late Renaissance (otherwise known as the years between Raphaels death and the beginning of the Baroque phase in 1600). Mannerism also represents Renaissance art going out, as they say, not with a bang but, rather, a (relative) whimper. The High Renaissance was, of course, astonishing. It represented a peak, a height, a veritable zenith (if you will) of artistic genius that surely must have owed something to a favorable zodiac. In fact, the only downside to the whole business was, with the Big Three Names diminished to one (Michelangelo) after 1520, where was art to go? It almost seemed as if art itself said Oh, what the hey. We could never top the High Renaissance, so why bother? Hence, Mannerism. Its not fair, though, to completely blame art for its loss of momentum after the High Renaissance. There were, as there always are, mitigating factors. For example, Rome was sacked in 1527, taken over by the armies of Charles V. Charles (who had previously just been Charles I, King of Spain) had himself crowned as Holy Roman Emperor and got to control things in most of Europe and the New World. By all accounts, he was not particularly interested in sponsoring art or artists- especially not Italian artists. Neither was he enamored with the idea of the independent city-states of Italy, and most of them lost their independent status. Additionally, a troublemaker named Martin Luther had been stirring things up in Germany, and the spread of his radical preaching was causing many to question the authority of the Church. The Church, of course, found this absolutely intolerable. Its response to the Reformation was to launch the Counter Reformation, a joyless, restrictive authoritative movement which had a zero-tolerance policy toward Renaissance innovations (among many, many other things). So here was poor art, deprived of most of its genius, patrons, and freedom. If Mannerism seems a bit half-posteriored to us now, it was honestly about the best that could be expected under the circumstances. Characteristics of Mannerism On the plus side, artists had gained lots of technical knowledge during the Renaissance (such as the use of oil paints and perspective) which would never again be lost to a dark age. Another new development at this time was rudimentary archaeology. The Mannerist artists now had actual works, from antiquity, to study. No longer did they need to use their respective imagination when it came to Classical stylization. That said, they (the Mannerist artists) almost seemed determined to use their powers for evil. Where High Renaissance art was natural, graceful, balanced and harmonious, the art of Mannerism was quite different. While technically masterful, Mannerist compositions were full of clashing colors, disquieting figures with abnormally elongated limbs (often torturous-looking), emotion and bizarre themes that combined Classicism, Christianity, and mythology. The nude, which had been rediscovered during the Early Renaissance, was still present during the Late but, heavens- the poses in which it found itself! Leaving compositional instability out of the picture (pun intended), no human could have maintained positions such as those depicted- clothed or otherwise. Landscapes suffered a similar fate. If the sky in any given scene wasnt a menacing color, it was filled with flying animals, malevolent putti, Grecian columns, or some other unnecessary busy-ness. Or all of the above. Whatever Happened to Michelangelo? Michelangelo, as things turned out, segued nicely into Mannerism. He was flexible, making transitions with his art that dovetailed with the transitions in all of those successive Popes who commissioned his work. Michelangelo had always had a tendency toward the dramatic and emotive in his art, as well as a sort of carelessness toward the human element in his human figures. It probably shouldnt have been surprising, then, to find that restorations of his works in the Sistine Chapel (the ceiling and Last Judgement frescoes) uncovered his use of a rather loud palette of colors. How Long Did the Late Renaissance Last? Depending on whos doing the figuring, Mannerism was en vogue around 80 years (give or take a decade or two). Though it lasted at least twice as long as the High Renaissance, the Late Renaissance got shoved aside, by the Baroque period, fairly quickly (as history goes). Which was a good thing, indeed, for those who are not great lovers of Mannerism- even though it was so distinct from High Renaissance art that it deserves its own name.